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3 SheetsSheet 1..

T. B. DE FOREST. PORGING APPARATUS.

No. 69,080. Patented Sept. 24, 1867.

Rs co. wowummwAsm 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. B. DE FOREST FORGING APPARATUS.

Patented Sept. 24, 1867.

MA I Illllllnl- M EN 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. B. DE FOREST FORGING APPARATUS.

No. 69,080. Patented Sept. 24, 1867.

i i g nts-5 138 1 @ffi g.

THOMAS B. on FOREST; or BIRMINGHAM, oonnnerroo'n Letters Patent- No.69,080, dated Seplemlier 24, 1867.

IMPROVED FORGING APPARATUS.

TO ALL WI-lOM IT CONCERN:

Be it known that I, .TnoMAs B. DnFonns'r, of Birminghnin, in the countyof New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented n. how Improvementin Forging Machine; and I do hereby declare the following when takcn'inconnection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of referencemarked thereon, to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the same,and which said drawingsconstitute part of this specification, i :i.ndrepresent, i'n-,- Figure 1, a front view Figure 2, n rear view.v Figure3, a side view and in Figures 4 to 10 inclusive, detached parts.

This invention relates 'to an improvement in machines. for forging, inwhich steam is thepower acting y directly to opcratcthe hammer, anddesigned more particularly for forging many successive like articles. iTo enable others to construct and use my improvement. I will proceed todescribe the samens illustrated inthe accompanying drawings. i i

A is thti bed-plate, upon ivhich is placed the frame B, which supportsthe mechanism of theimachinc; C and D are two steam-cylinders, setotright. angles to-each other in a vertical plane, and arranged upon theface or thc'frumc B, so thatjthe sins of each cylinder lies at'on angle0t forty-five degrees from a. perpendiculhi', as denoted in the severalfigures. Within each of the said cylinders is arranged a. piston in theusual manner, to each of which is respectively attached o.hnmmer-hend,'E and E, so thait by the admission of steam-to the cylinder below thepiston, the piston will be raised, as denoted, ine t he cylinder G,fig'. 4, and upon the reverse of the steam the hammer will fall orbeforced down,- as denoted MD in said fig. 4.- The arrangementof thevalves to thus operate the hummeris more clearly seenin fig. 9. F iseshnft supported in proper bearings G, and the said shaft caused torevolve by the'up'piication of power thereto through the pulley F, asseen in fig. 3. Upon the said shaft are ,arrauged tivo eccentrics, C andD, from which rods 0 and D extend up to levers C and 1)", working uponful cra C and D, and to the said levers the valve rods C and D of therespective cylinders are attached, so that as the shaft F is caused torevolve, the valves of enehcylinder are alternately worltcd, usdenotedin diagram, fig. 9. Thus the valve motion which uctuetes" or causes themovement of the, hammer is entirely independent of the power which movesthe hammer, steam being admitted to the steamehest through pipes 0 andD, and exhausted through pipes C and D The movement of the valvesalternating according to the movement of their respective eccentrics,first one hammer is raised end then the other. The valve may if desiredadmit the steam above the piston to force down the hammer, as well onbelow to force it up. The anvil upon which each of the two hammersoperates must be orronged so that its position b changed to present aface to each hammer. This'mey be done by two anvils arranged so that theone upon which the blow of one hammer has just been given recedes whilethe other advances to ro'ceive the blow of the second hammer, and: soon, alternntelyrecoding or advancing, or the anvil may be arranged so asto vibrate and properly present V a. face to receive the blow of eachhammer. Thislasit method I prefer, and such Ihzzve'shon'mits operationbeing illustrated in fig. 4. I is the anvil, represented in fig. 4detached, and shown in broken lincs fig. 1. It is arranged upon itshaft, 1, supported in a firm bearing, I, so 'as to vibrate beneath theface of the hammer-3,213 from the positiouin red to that in black, fig.'4', and vice versa, so that, thcdesccnding hamiuerwill strike squarelyupon the face of the anvil, thus necessitating two faces, in each ofwhich is placed a die, a and a, so thatthe hammer t E will strike uponthe die. a',as denoted in red, and the hammer D will in its turn strikeupon the die in, as denoted in bl ck, nnd the anvil is caused thus tovibrate by the action of nu eccentric, P, on the shaft F through the rod1, connected-to the end of the shaft upon a crenk-pin, I, the-motion: ofthe said eccentric being only sufiicien'tto'give the required vibrationto the anvil.- Steam is admitted to the cylinder at the'proper time bythe operation of bell-crank levers H and H, which by their movementoperate the valve-rods-H and H, to each of which is respectivelyattached a. valve, so that by the movement of the rods steam will beadmitted to the respective stccm-ch'estm'in which are operated thevalves upon the rods C and D to admit steam to the cylinders for' theoperation of the hammers end when both lovers are at the sometimedepressed, as denoted in red, fig. 2', both valves are simultaneouslyopened, and at an equal dietoncp, and the lovers are thus operatcdby atreadle, H, (see fig. 3,) passing under the bed-plate, from whichaconnection, 11., extends to'an nrmyH and H of each of the let ers H andH, so that by depressing thetrcadle'the valve of bothcylindersissimultaneously and equally opened, and thus opening, and theshaft F revolving to operate the valves C and D, the

' hammers are made to alternately strike upon the anvil. If at any tiinei t is desirable to begin or finish the work with either hammer, that isto say, if in any work to be performed it is necessary that the lustblow on blows be struck by one hammer, the connection from the-treadleto either of thc'lcvers H and H, as the case may he,- should be'changedso as to make the one shorter than the other, as to move the point ofconnection down tel). -Thercfore as the levers will be held up 'by theirrespective springs H"? and H one of the connections will be. shorterthan the other; consequently the valvewith the shorter connection willbe open before the other, and thus cause the operation of the hammerinthe cylinder to which steam is thus admitted before theother and so,when the steam is cut oil', it will be cut oil firsti'rom that cylinderhaving the longest. connection, and that cylinder being cut off itshammer will cease working, while the other will continue until its valveis permittedtoclose. The dies a and a in the anvil are fitted into adovetailed seat in the anvil, as seen in fig. 4, and held byclamp-plates I and I in theisecurest possible manner, and by thisarrangement, when it is required to remove or adjust the dies, it issimply required that the belt which binds the clamp-plate be looscne'd,and thus forms a most convenient as well as practicallydurablearrangement. The dies 6 in each ofthc hammers are secured bycutting a slot, (1, into each hammer, and forming a groove in the end ofthe hammer into which the dies are inserted, as seen in fig. 4, the saidslot atiording sufiicient elasticity to bind the dies in place. Theholding apparatus for presenting the work to the hammers is representeddetached in fig. 8, and is attached to a swinging bar, J, hinged to theframe at J, and extending across the-frame in front of the anvils, issecured upon the 4 j, opposite side by a vertical bolt, J so that whenthe said bolt J is removed, the said bar may be swung open as 4 denotedin fig. 7. When in-operation, this bar is closed as denoted in fig. 1,and opens for convenience of getting at'the mechanism back of the saidbar. To this bar is fixed a bracket, k, forming at its outer and innerend o. guide for a slidingplate, L. To the said sliding-plate L, at e,is pivoted a clamping lever, L, having upon 1 its lower end a tooth ortongue, f, which, when the lever L is turned up, as denoted inred, willbind firmly upon a metal bar upon the said slide, vor-when drawn back,asdenoted in black, permits the free movement ofthe bar on the saidslide. The bar to be forged is placed upon the slide L and clamped withthe lever L, the said leverscrving as a handle by which to move forwardthe slideL on to the anvil. As it is necessary that a given length ofbar 'be inserted for the work to be performed, it is necessary that agauge be arranged to act in combination with the slide L. L is such aguide, arranged upon theintcrnal end of a shaft, L supported in bearingsg upon the bracket 7c, and from which an arm, L, extends up beneath anarm, L from the lever II, as seen in' figs. 8 and 10, so that when thelever L is pressed forward, as denoted in red, the gauge L will bedepressed, as denoted in blue, fig. 7, coming down in front of the slideL, so that when the bar held upon the slide is pressed forward, its endwill strike the gauge L y-then, releasing the clamp upon the bar so asto permit the gauge L to rise suliicient to allow the bar to pass under,the slide is moved forward to carry the bar in on to the'anvil for theoperation of the hammers upon that portion of the bar allowed by suchaction of the gauge. After the operation of the hammers is completed theslide is drawn back and that part of the bar upon which the operationhasbeen performed is cut off, as hereafter described, the bar re-en-teredas before for another operation,- and so on so long as the bar retainsthe proper heat. The cutting-oh apparatus is seen in fig. 1, but moreclearly in fig. 7. Upon the inside of the bar J, at P, are pivoted twohcads,P andP When in astute of rest they are in the position denoted inblack, each of thcsaid two heads carrying a cutter, Pi, and are movedupon their bearing P, the one, P up, and the one, P, downward," to thepositions denoted in red; the two cutters P passing each other as a.pair of shears, directly in front of the carrier, so that the twocutters cut oil from the bar the forged or finished piece, and thenreturn to their state of rest, and they are thus moved by the operationof a. cam, R, on the shaft F, seen detached in figs. 5'and 5, and asseen in fig. 8, upon a slide, R, moving vertically in guides J on thebar J, the said slide having an arm, R projecting to one side so as tobear against the lower arm P of the head P, so that by the upwardmovement of the slide to the position in red, the head is turned to theposition in red, while another projectionR, upon the slide, strikes uponthe head P, and at the same time raises that to the position denoted inred. A stud, R fixed in the slide R resting upon the cam R, causes theslide to move with the oper'ation of the'cam. As this operation isrequired only at certain times, that only when the work is'iinished, itis necessary that the slide be disconnected from the cam'until theproper time of cutting of! the forged work, and at that time to presentthe stud by the action of the cam. This operation is illustrated in fig.8. Thestud R isconstructed so that by a spring it is pressed forward tothe position denoted in red. In thisposition the cam acts to raise theslide, but at that point in the cam when the slide has been raised, thatis, to ,the point 2 in figs. 5 and 6, the face of the earn from thatpoint to point 3 isinclined outward, so as to press against the end ofthe stud and force it back into the'position denoted in black. In thatposition it is held by a catch-pin, r, falling into a. notch or groovein the stud, as secn'in fig. 8, to prevent its return on to the cam. Tointroduce the. stud It -at the proper time, which is when the work isfinished, a lever, S, having its fulcrum at c, is attached, onc arm tothe catch-pin r and the other turned up as at S, so that by turning thesaid lever to the position denoted in red, the catch-pin is raised andthe stud thrown out. When the work is finished the slide L is drawnback. To the under side of the slide L is pivoted'a finger, T, whichwhen the slideis drawn back strikes the lever S, as denoted in black,and being drawn out a little further 'to the position-in red, raises thelever S and escapes therefrom; then the work is held in a properposition for the cutters to operate and cut from-the bar the finishedpiece, when the slide is returned or moved in, the tongue ,'1 turns uponits pivot, and passes freely over the lever S. This arrangement insuresthe operation oftlie cutters it: the proper time.

I Having thus fully (leseribe'd my invention; What I claim as newand-useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is I 1. The hammersE and E projeeted from the pistons, and operated through. the medium ofthe steamoylinders O and D, arranged as described, in combination with avibrating or receding nnvil, constructed and arranged so as to present aface to each hammer, substantially in the manner herein set forth.

2. The arrangement described for operating the cut-off valve rods H andH so as to adjust the operation of the hammer 01' hammers,substantially'as set forth.

3. The bar J in combination with and carrying thefeeding and butting-0Happaratus described, hinged to the 'fram'e so as to be turned from tbeanvil I, substantially as herein set forth i "4. The gauge L in combinetion with the feeding device, all constructed and operated substantiallyas and.

for the purpose specified] -5. In combination with the slide L andclamping-lever L, I claim the gauge L, arranged so as to be {operated bythe movement of the lever U, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the two cutter-heads P and P with the sliiles R,and the stud R and cam R, constructed and arranged so as to operatesubstantially as set forth. 7

THOS B.-DE FOR-EST. Witnesses:

A. J. TIBBITS, JOHN H. SHUMwA-Y.

